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The destiny of this plane was dramatic. No one wanted him lengthy earlier than the primary flight. However sanctions and refusal to cooperate with Russia may give a second life to a singular automobile, says Hello-Tech Mail.ru.
Common plane
Within the late 80s, the Soviet plane business confronted the identical query because the Russian one now. For regional transportation each inside the nation and overseas, a cheap, quick plane with trendy on-board tools was required. The preliminary evaluation confirmed that there have been two attainable improvement choices: to create an plane from scratch or to unify it when it comes to key items with one of many plane sorts that exist and are used domestically.
The event of a 100-seat passenger airliner able to taking off just like the Yak-142 from nearly any runway (together with regional ones, the standard of which usually left a lot to be desired) was began with nice enthusiasm.
Versatility is the key phrase of this machine, so so as to not spend some huge cash on the event of the plane, which acquired the Tu-334 index, it was determined to borrow some parts from bigger airliners.
To unravel a number of issues directly, the Tu-334 was 60% unified with the Tu-204 passenger airliner. The fuselage of a small hundred-seat plane has the identical part because the older mannequin, however is half as lengthy, and a major a part of it was fabricated from composite supplies, which facilitated the design and had a optimistic impact not solely on gasoline effectivity, but in addition on the rigidity of the wing.
First issues
To say that it was not straightforward to create such a machine, even with a number of plane factories and donor plane close by, on the premise of which it was attainable to design a brand new board, is to say nothing. The principle issue crept up from the place nobody anticipated. It instantly turned out that the wing space was too small for a vigorous takeoff and, in principle, may worsen the management of the board. On the identical time, they tried to contain the French Aérospatiale (it later grew to become a part of the massive state company EADS) and the Italian Alenia within the undertaking.
These corporations are believed to have helped develop the bigger wing. Nonetheless, in actuality, French and Italian engineers helped determine the principle downside with the unique design – an obese of about 5 tons. There have been two methods to unravel this downside: both lighten the fuselage and energy parts and redesign the plane, or set up a bigger wing space to extend elevate and enhance flight stability. For the sake of saving time and money, it was the second possibility that was chosen, and already in 1999, a promising passenger airliner took to the skies.
If the Tu-334 was so good, why didn’t it go into manufacturing?
In 2003, they offered the looks of a serial machine, nearly prepared for manufacturing, and by 2005, when the Authorities gave the go-ahead for the manufacturing of the machine, all of the options essential for flights had been created, examined and carried out.
Even if the Tu-334 consisted nearly fully of home elements, Ukraine was to grow to be one of many key members within the undertaking. The extent of integration with the Ukrainian business was fairly excessive: some parts of hydraulics, electrics, in addition to the guts of the machine had been the D-436T1 engines of the Zaporozhye Design Bureau. It’s believed that partly for that reason, the mass manufacturing of the machine started to be steadily deserted, and after a collection of 5 assembled fuselages, this system was frozen. It was changed by the Sukhoi Superjet 100 (SSJ-100) – a extra globalized plane, the elements for which had been made in various European nations, in addition to in the USA.
In 2019, when the sanctions flywheel was already underway, the Tu-334 undertaking was criticized by the Minister of Trade and Commerce Denis Manturov. However the scenario in 2022 may give the Tu-334 a brand new life, and in probably the most surprising means.
Tu-334 vs. Boeing 737 and Airbus A320
The principle downside of the Tu-334 is that if we begin producing it now in parallel with the “anti-sanction” Tu-204 (the information in regards to the manufacturing of which has already appeared), we must remedy a number of key issues directly. The primary is to modernize, or reasonably, re-create a posh of flight and navigation tools. There’s some groundwork on this course, however we nonetheless have to develop to the extent of unification with Boeing / Airbus on-board methods.
The second downside is the engine. Few individuals know, however when creating the Tu-334 advance undertaking, it was deliberate to place two engines positioned underneath the wing on the primary prototype of the plane. Then aviation safety consultants bought concerned, saying that this fashion the Tu-334 would “vacuum” the runway (all of the dust and water would get into the engines), and the structure of the items was modified.
As a substitute of the Ukrainian D-436s (in principle), the Tu-334 will be suspended underneath the PD-8, the engine for the brand new SSJ-New, which is being created in an effort to maximize import substitution. However you’ll be able to overlook about worldwide flights for now. Not solely due to the air house is closed, but in addition as a result of it can take a very long time to certify. As well as, the plane will nearly definitely need to be redesigned for brand new engines. Once more.
However the aerodynamic design of the Tu-334 has some benefits. For instance, with way more modest dimensions, the design of the Tu-334 lets you neatly match the plane between the outdated Yak-142 and trendy liners. The Soviet “enterprise jet” had rather less than 10 tons of jet gasoline in its gasoline tanks, whereas the “Superjet” had 12,600 kg.
Tu-334 tanks additionally comprise 10 tons of gasoline, which, with the set up of extra trendy, economical engines and the processing of the flight management system, can enhance the flight vary by 10-15 % – as much as 3500 km in comparison with 3100 km, calculated initially. Related modifications had been created on the daybreak of plane design. The model with an prolonged fuselage was referred to as the Tu-334-200 and took on board as much as 126 passengers, whereas flying 4 thousand km – 1 thousand km greater than the bottom SSJ-100.
Tu-334 and Tu-204 – the idea of use underneath sanctions.
Even if the Tu-334 was created as an completely home plane, it was attainable to put in international engines on it. Some variations had been supposed to put in Rolls-Royce BR700 – long-certified, however frankly not probably the most trendy engines. In line with some reviews, the one absolutely assembled Tu-334 is standing on the plane manufacturing facility in Kazan, which, most likely, can grow to be the start line within the post-sanction interval for the event of home aviation.
Nonetheless, the Tu-334 within the trendy world has two issues directly. The primary is MS-21. The second is SSJ-New. Important funds have been invested within the improvement and manufacturing of those plane, and whether or not the Tupolevites can have an additional finances for finalizing a brand new plane, when it might be logical to design a brand new plane on the premise of 334, is a giant query. However a 12 months in the past, nobody thought that Airbus/Boeing would refuse to service and restore legally bought plane and, in reality, utterly deprive Russian airways of entry to international plane. Decisive occasions require decisive measures, and it’s attainable that the Tu-334 might quickly be reborn into a brand new airliner.
Picture: Tu-334 on the MAKS-2007 air present Wikimedia / Sergey Ryabtsev / GFDL 1.2
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